[, When employees are plastering and lathing 18 inches (46 cm) or less from the front edge. maximum lift heights. The standard prohibits using repaired wire. Each platform must be planked and decked as fully as possible with the space between the platform and uprights not more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) wide. The use of shore or lean-to scaffolds is prohibited. Such activities shall be performed only by experienced and trained employees selected for such work by the competent person. Vertically - every 20 feet (6.1 m) or less for scaffolds less than 3 feet (0.91 m) wide; every 26 feet (7.9 m) or less for scaffolds more than 3 feet (0.91 m) wide. When a guardrail system is used, the guardrail height must be increased in height equal to the height of the stilts. Any part of a scaffold damaged or weakened such that its strength is less than that required by paragraph (a) of this section shall be immediately repaired or replaced, braced to meet those provisions, or removed from service until repaired. Each employee performing overhand bricklaying operations from a supported scaffold shall be protected from falling from all open sides and ends of the scaffold (except at the side next to the wall being laid) by the use of a personal fall arrest system or guardrail system (with minimum 200 pound toprail capacity). Steps and rungs of ladders and stairways must line up vertically with each other between rest platforms. Employers are required to provide fall protection for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds where the installation and use of such protection is feasible and does not create a greater hazard. Guardrail systems are explained below in another question. Each scaffold stairway shall be at least 18 inches (45.7 cm) wide between stairrails. Tiebacks shall be equivalent in strength to the hoisting rope. WebWhen scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access, portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders, stair towers (scaffold type of scaffold (tube and fitting or system) maximum bay lengths. What are the capacity requirements for all scaffolds? [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(2)]. [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(2)(v)], Front-end loaders and similar equipment can support scaffold platforms only when they've been specifically designed by the manufacturer for such use. Tiebacks shall be equivalent in strength to the suspension ropes. platform boarding arrangement and the number of boarded lifts that Supported scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights shall be plumb and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Access ladders must extension ladders are being used to access [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(x)]. [29 CFR 1926.451 (b) (2)] [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(6)] Scaffolds and scaffold components must not be loaded in excess of their maximum intended loads or rated capacities, whichever is less. When scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access, portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders, stair towers (scaffold stairways/towers), stairway-type ladders (such as ladder stands), ramps, walkways, integral prefabricated scaffold access, or direct access from another scaffold, structure, personnel hoist, or similar surface shall be used. Scaffolding Access Egress Requirements. Note to paragraph (g)(1): The fall protection requirements for employees installing suspension scaffold support systems on floors, roofs, and other elevated surfaces are set forth in subpart M of this part. In addition, masons' multi-point adjustable suspension scaffold connections shall be designed by an engineer experienced in such scaffold design. Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Worker Deaths by Falls: A Summary of Surveillance Findings and Investigative Case Reports, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. Hook-on and attachable ladders shall have uniformly spaced rungs with a maximum spacing between rungs of 16 3/4 inches. WebDetermines that each scaffold and scaffold component shall be capable of supporting, without failure, its own weight and at least 4 times the maximum intended load applied or What are the requirements for work on platforms cluttered with debris? Toeboards shall be solid or with openings not over one inch (2.5 cm) in the greatest dimension. Suspension scaffold outrigger beams, when used, shall be made of structural metal or equivalent strength material, and shall be restrained to prevent movement. The second part is sufficient clearance. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(ii) and 29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(iii)], Outrigger beams (thrustouts) are the structural members of a suspension or outrigger scaffolds that provide support. Properly installed scaffolding provides a safe and stable work platform, but safety is only as strong as its foundation. Suspension scaffold hoists and non-walk-through stirrups may be used as end guardrails, if the space between the hoist or stirrup and the side guardrail or structure does not allow passage of an employee to the end of the scaffold. Platforms shall not deflect more than 1/60 of the span when loaded. Scaffold components made of dissimilar metals shall not be used together unless a competent person has determined that galvanic action will not reduce the strength of any component to a level below that required by paragraph (a)(1) of this section. The toprail of each stairrail system shall also be capable of serving as a handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided. Greater variations in riser height are allowed for the top and bottom steps of the entire system, not for each flight of stairs. Any of these independent modules or units should form a base. What are scaffold platform construction requirements? This standard requires the scaffold to resist tipping against two times or more the load exerted on it when a worker accesses, uses, or exits it. Crossbracing is acceptable in place of a midrail when the crossing point of two braces is between 20 inches (0.5 m) and 30 inches (0.8 m) above the work platform or as a toprail when the crossing point of two braces is between 38 inches (0.97 m) and 48 inches (1.3 m) above the work platform. Wood platforms shall not be covered with opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be covered or marked for identification. Are there requirements for suspension ropes? Before the scaffold is used, direct connections shall be evaluated by a competent person who shall confirm, based on the evaluation, that the supporting surfaces are capable of supporting the loads to be imposed. Effective September 2, 1997, access for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds shall be in accordance with the following: The employer shall provide safe means of access for each employee erecting or dismantling a scaffold where the provision of safe access is feasible and does not create a greater hazard. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(1)(vii)], Use fall-arrest systems when working from the following types of scaffolding: boatswain's chair, catenary, float, needle beam, ladder, and pump jack. The manufacturer must approve any alterations to the stilts. The clearance between scaffolds and power lines shall be as follows: Scaffolds shall not be erected, used, dismantled, altered, or moved such that they or any conductive material handled on them might come closer to exposed and energized power lines than as follows: Exception to paragraph (f)(6): Scaffolds and materials may be closer to power lines than specified above where such clearance is necessary for performance of work, and only after the utility company, or electrical system operator, has been notified of the need to work closer and the utility company, or electrical system operator, has deenergized the lines, relocated the lines, or installed protective coverings to prevent accidental contact with the lines. [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(1)] A qualified person must design the scaffolds, which are loaded in accordance with that design. Manually operated hoists shall require a positive crank force to descend. ABOUT US. What are the requirements for suspension scaffolds? When winding drum hoists are used on a suspension scaffold, they shall contain not less than four wraps of the suspension rope at the lowest point of scaffold travel. The harness is worn over Ties, guys, braces, or outriggers shall be used to prevent the tipping of supported scaffolds in all circumstances where an eccentric load, such as a cantilevered work platform, is applied or is transmitted to the scaffold. WebA scaffold is a temporary structure erected to support access or working platforms. [29 CFR 1926.450(b)] They must be placed perpendicular to their bearing support. Fall protection. Sound anchorages do not include standpipes, vents, other piping systems, or electrical conduit. A toeboard shall be erected along the edge of platforms more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above lower levels for a distance sufficient to protect employees below, except on float (ship) scaffolds where an edging of 3/4 x 1 1/2 inch (2 x 4 cm) wood or equivalent may be used in lieu of toeboards; Where tools, materials, or equipment are piled to a height higher than the top edge of the toeboard, paneling or screening extending from the toeboard or platform to the top of the guardrail shall be erected for a distance sufficient to protect employees below; or, A guardrail system shall be installed with openings small enough to prevent passage of potential falling objects; or. If the slope of a ramp or a walkway is steeper than one (1) vertical in eight (8) horizontal, the ramp or walkway shall have cleats not more than fourteen (14) inches (35 cm) apart which are securely fastened to the planks to provide footing. Handrails, and toprails that are used as handrails, shall be at least 3 inches (7.6 cm) from other objects. Where do tiebacks for outrigger beams, cornice hooks, roof hooks, roof irons, parapet clamps, or similar devices need to be secured? Outrigger beams shall be placed perpendicular to its bearing support (usually the face of the building or structure). Safe points of anchorage include structural members of buildings, but do not include standpipes, vents, other piping systems, electrical conduit, outrigger beams, or counterweights. [ 29 CFR 1926.451(a)(1) ] A qualified person must design the scaffolds, which are loaded in The ends of all rails shall not overhang the terminal posts except when such overhang does not constitute a projection hazard to employees. What types of scaffolds does the standard prohibit? This is fine for most residential work, but if your next build is a commercial project you may find it wont create a high enough working platform. Unstable objects shall not be used to support scaffolds or platform units. Our Office Location. When screens and mesh are used, they shall extend from the top edge of the guardrail system to the scaffold platform, and along the entire opening between the supports. This section does not apply to aerial lifts, the criteria for which are set out exclusively in 1926.453. Scaffold How will I know what kind of fall protection to provide for a specific-type of scaffold? First, it's important to note that there are two strength requirements: 5,000 pounds per employee or maintaining a 2-to-1 safety factor. Must have slip-resistant surfaces on all treads and landings. [, All support devices must rest on surfaces capable of supporting at least four times the load imposed on them by the scaffold when operating at the rated load of the hoist, or at least one-and-a-half times the load imposed on them by the scaffold at the stall capacity of the hoist, whichever is greater. Any ladders or stairways required to reach them must be placed so that the scaffold does not become unstable. This basically means that the ladder rungs should have sufficient clear space behind them to allow a foot or hand to make sufficient purchase on the rung. Handrails, and toprails that serve as handrails, shall provide an adequate handhold for employees grasping them to avoid falling. High Quality Steel When canopies are used on suspension scaffolds for falling object protection, the scaffold shall be equipped with additional independent support lines equal in number to the number of points supported, and equivalent in strength to the strength of the suspension ropes. Stairways must be installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees from the horizontal. this Section and Section 24.B. To ensure stability for fall protection, scaffolds can be supported by: legs, To reduce the possibility of welding current arcing through the suspension wire rope when performing welding from suspended scaffolds, the following precautions shall be taken, as applicable: An insulated thimble shall be used to attach each suspension wire rope to its hanging support (such as cornice hook or outrigger). When conditions warrant, the height of the top edge may exceed the 45-inch height, provided the guardrail system meets all other criteria of paragraph (g)(4). Must have a minimum rung length of 11 inches, and a maximum space between rungs of 16 inches. Excess suspension wire rope and any additional independent lines from grounding shall be insulated; The suspension wire rope shall be covered with insulating material extending at least 4 feet (1.2 m) above the hoist. Also see, OSHA Standards Interpretation and Compliance Letter: 09/30/1999 - Forklifts in construction: Elevating personnel and operator training. Tiebacks shall be secured to a structurally sound anchorage on the building or structure. each suspension rope and any other independent lines are insulated from grounding. 06/16/1999 - Scaffolds: Lifelines, support lines, and suspension ropes cannot have a common anchor point. When vertical lifelines are used, they shall be fastened to a fixed safe point of anchorage, shall be independent of the scaffold, and shall be protected from sharp edges and abrasion. When other types of hoists are used, the suspension ropes shall be long enough to allow the scaffold to be lowered to the level below without the rope end passing through the hoist, or the rope end shall be configured or provided with means to prevent the end from passing through the hoist. Sound anchorages include structural members, but do not include standpipes, vents, other piping systems, or electrical conduit. WebAccess: Scaffolds must have an acceptable form of access (e.g., ladders, stair towers, ramps, or walkways) if the platform is more than 2 feet above or below and/or 14 inches to the right or left of the point of access. Unstable objects shall not be used as working platforms. The top edge height on supported scaffolds manufactured and placed in service before January 1, 2000, and on all suspended scaffolds where both a guardrail and a personal fall arrest system are required shall be between 36 inches (0.9 m) and 45 inches (1.2 m). Scaffolds and scaffold components shall be inspected for visible defects by a competent person before each work shift, and after any occurrence which could affect a scaffold's structural integrity. 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