countess of castiglione knife photo

It might seem ordinary for us today, however it was a grave act of shame for women in the 19th century. As well see later, though, Francesco wasnt even done yet. La Sultane - La Comtesse de Castiglione, 1865. She had many lovers, including a banker of the Rothschild family and the then director of the Louvre Museum.[2]. (689) $5.95. The subject of the photoa woman named Virginia Oldoini, better known as the Countess of Castiglionesat for hundreds of haunting, strange photos over the course of 40 years, from 1856 to 1895, and the resulting body of work has intrigued people for generations. Her parents were the Marquis of Filippo Oldoini and the Marquise of Isabella Lamporecchi, who belonged to the Tuscan nobility. ", For More Stories Like This, Sign Up for Our Newsletter. The Countess de Castiglione was a rare creature indeed: a full-blown 19th-century narcissist with unlimited access to a camera. Well enter: The Countess of Castiglione. Eugenie reportedly found a way to waltz over to the barely-dressed countess. Sign up for our newsletter. They'd posthumously be described by critics as more morbid, more disturbed, more deranged than her earlier work. . The photo was entitled La Vengeance. His devotion led him to confide in his cousin. She was the prophetess of self-portraits, anticipating Frida Kahlo, Cindy Sherman and . The daughter of a diplomat, Virginie di Castiglione grew up lonely in a large palazzo in Florence, the home of her grandfather, Lamporecchi, a well-known jurist . The French court photographer Pierre-Louis Pierson took more than 400 portraits of the Countess Castiglione, considered the most beautiful woman of her time,during a 40-year collaboration. But in the end, she would only be his mistress for less than a year, limiting her ability to manipulate him. Collect, curate and comment on your files. There was one, and just exactly one, bright spot in Virginias marriage to her fuddy-duddy count: Their son together, Giorgio. She was also a significant figure in the early history of photography. That same year, she returned to France and settled in Passy. She spent a large part of her personal fortune and even went into debt to execute this project. As one of her contemporaries put it more sharply, After a few momentsshe began to get on your nerves. The Countess of Castiglione had no love lost for Empress Eugenie, Napoleons wife. He asked the countess to go to France and convince Napoleon to join their side. Gee thanks Virginia, you really shouldnt have. As her name implies, Oldoinis parents had big expectations for the little girlexpectations that would soon ruin her entire life. Thus, the Countess Castiglione was sent to Napoleon with instructions to obtain a Franco-Italian alliance, stipulating that if Austria made war, France would join with Italy in combat. She was a diplomat, an opportunistic fashion rebel and a pioneer in the self-constructed photographic image. Even though it took the virtual dissolution of her marriage, the Countess of Castiglione did eventually succeed in her original mission. That wasp-waisted dress is the plaidest thing I have ever seen! She donned this title at the young age of 17, causing the men and women of the royal courts she subsequently frequented to know her primarily as La Castiglione. Visualizza altre idee su virginia, foto, croce di diamanti. Before 1861, 55 portraits were made, of which 34 were by Pierson. Portrait Photography. This was all supposed to change at the turn of the century, when the aging model finally had big plans to display her collection of over 700 photos at the Exposition Universelle in Paris. Turning off the personalized advertising setting wont stop you from seeing Etsy ads or impact Etsy's own personalization technologies, but it may make the ads you see less relevant or more repetitive. Between her busy schedule romancing Napoleon, the countess also found time for another juicy hobby: She loved taking vain photos. 2023 Getty Images. Original Price 6.20 The Countess of Castiglione is sometimes called The Queen of Surrealism. . Name : Virginia Elisabetta Luisa Carlotta Antonietta Teresa Maria OldoniBirth : 22 March 1837Death : 28 November 1899Title :The Countess of CastiglioneHusband : Francesco VerasisChildren : Giorgio Verasis di Castiglione. After learning about her expensive taste in men and attire, both not quite hidden,The Count of Castiglione divorced his wife in 1857, which did not come as a surprise to her. The photograph, titled "Portrait in a Black Dress," is commonly assumed to be the first Pierson took of . She has bracelets on each wrist and hair partially pinned up, one ringlet trailing down her neck. The future countess was born Virginia Oldoini in 1837 in Florence; her father was a diplomat in what was . Her website, Dmod Couture, is one of the most well-known online resources for historical costumers. She lost her charm and beauty and took ghastly and unnatural pictures of herself, posing in a coffin with her dead dog. She achieved notoriety by becoming Napoleon III's mistress, a scandal that led her husband to demand marital separation. Although the still-teenaged Oldoini jumped at the chance to go to Paris and get away from her hum-drum life, there was one big wrench in her plans. . Duly, she ignored the usual diplomatic routes and inveigled herself into prime position as the emperor's mistress. Critics have noted how morbid her late period images are, with the countess doing things like placing herself inside a coffin and posing with the body of her late terrier pup. By that time, the Countess of Castiglione was as well-known for her detailed and decadent outfits as she was for her beauty. Oldoinis photograph was a warning shot to her estranged husband: In the portrait, the well-dressed countess was also holding a knife in her hand, half-hidden in the folds of her dress. Hand-tinted photographs were regarded as both a luxury and a novelty. Uh, not by any stretch of the imagination. Though this might sound tame, these poses were so indecent by 19th-century standards, she had to crop out her face. She allegedly had an illicit love affair with a naval officer, right before the day of her marriage to the Count, tagging herself with an anarchist title. They do a scene in a dressmaking shop that is working on one of the countesss costumes: this is a really good approximation of a real costume she wore | La Frayeur (Countess of Castiglione) by Pierre-Louis Pierson, 1861-64,Metropolitan Museum of Art, Her photos would frequently be painted over; the one above is obviously one step in the process to end at this finished image |La Frayeur (Countess of Castiglione) by Pierre-Louis Pierson, 1861-64,Metropolitan Museum of Art, Also, this costume still exists at LACMA! Virginia Oldoini, Countess of Castiglione and mistress of Emperor Napoleon III of France photo by Pierre-Louise Pierson, c.1863-66 . Costume ball at the palace of Tuileries: Napoleon III and the Countess de Castiglione 1867, Carpeaux Jean Baptiste , Orsay Museum, France,. Genealogy for Virginia Elisabetta Luisa Carlotta Antonietta Teresa Maria Oldoini, Countess of Castiglione (1837 - 1899) family tree on Geni, with over 240 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. She only ventured out of her gloomy residence at night-time, covering herself from head to toe in a black gown, and a veil over her face, ashamed of anyone getting a glimpse of her destitute state. She returned to Italy only briefly after her royal affair fell apart, but she just couldnt stay away from her beloved France. Plus, you know, there was the whole other woman thing. Plus, you know, there was the whole "other woman" thing. Yeah, theres a reason why it became infamous. The first book, "Exposition," translated by Amanda DeMarco, is about the Countess of Castiglione, a nineteenth-century aristocrat who dedicated herself to becoming the most photographed woman . In fact, he specifically told the countess to succeed by whatever means you wishbut succeed. Before you start screaming wtf victory rolls??! Victoria And Albert Museum. At the peak of her Narcissism, she voluntarily modelled and took controversial pictures of herself. By 1860, their affair had soured, and the countess had completely lost favor at court. But unlike our pitiful selfies, Oldoini turned self-obsession into a cottage industryin fact, its what shes famous for today. Beloved of Napoleon III<br><br>Virginia Oldoini was born on March 22, 1837 in Florence. The countesss meaning wasnt lost on Empress Eugenie, and the straight-laced woman ended up getting in a savage comeback. Some 90 works from a remarkable series of photographic portraits documenting the public life and private fantasies of a legendary 19th-century beauty go on view at The Metropolitan Museum of Art on September 19, 2000, in the exhibition "La Divine Comtesse," Photographs of the Countess de Castiglione. Whichever interpretation you prefer, it's probably a fitting one. One choice cringey line? Directed and staged by the Countess, herself, and created in collaboration with the studio photographer Pierre-Louis Pierson . 6 La Divina Contessa. He spent thirteen years writing a biography, La Divine Comtesse, which appeared in 1913. The Countess of Castiglione made her mark in very difficult times. And that's how she continues to exist: as an image, a face, a set of poses meticulously choreographed and endlessly marveled over. This type of data sharing may be considered a sale of information under California privacy laws. On an early trip to Paris, she and her husband met with Camillo, Count of Cavour. Virginia Oldoini was born into a noble family in 1837, in Florence,Tuscany. 14.01, 17.51 Moreover, these rudimentary special effects could smooth, enhance, and flatter their subjects, transforming and elevating them. In 1857, barely a year after the well-heeled couple traveled to Paris, Count Francesco left court for his native Italy in a huff, leaving his young, impressionable wife behind. The meeting takes place precisely at the crucial moment of the countesss intrigues at the French court, and seeing her ancient love rekindles in her the passion never completely dormant.   France   |   English (US)   |   (EUR), remembering account, browser, and regional preferences, remembering privacy and security settings, personalized search, content, and recommendations, helping sellers understand their audience, showing relevant, targeted ads on and off Etsy, remember your login, general, and regional preferences, personalize content, search, recommendations, and offers. "The Countess, who was perceived as a disturbing character whose motives were unclear, was understood to have taken up photography merely to satisfy her narcissism," he argues. The Countess was a rebel, she did not conform to the traditional roles of a woman and a wife, as it was expected of her and did what she pleased. I am of a different essence.". Oldoini doted on the boy as only a rich mommy can, pouring all her own frustrated hopes and dreams into him. We want our readers to trust us. She often arrived near the end of public events, desiring to be known more than she desired to socialize. 10.25.2016 by The Court Jeweller // Leave a Comment. Most tragically, this was not to be. In her later years, the Countess of Castiglione barely left her house, considering it the height of mortification to show her slightly wrinkled face to the masses. Being a fashion showstopper, she was an icon and the talk of the town. The legs of Virginia Oldoini, Countess di Castiglione (18371899), by Pierre-Louis Pierson, c1861/67 (Photo: Wikimedia) But photography is the true legacy of La Castiglione's life. He later scrawled furiously: Our separation is irrevocable. Keep in mind that anyone can view public collectionsthey may also appear in recommendations and other places. Does Fragonards painting have the same subtext? She sought to emulate her life, both as she lived it and as she imagined it. Would love your thoughts, please comment. Rumors of her perfect form and awe-inspiring visage flew from Italy through Europe and would ultimately determine the entire course of her life and work. Other than spending days dallying with her Romeo, the countess developed a new hobby during her expedition in France. Another wrote that, at gatherings, she would "allow people to her admire her as if she were a shrine She almost never spoke to women. Nice finds, Kendra. The Countess of Castiglione in a photo by Pierre-Louis Pierson (c. 1863-66). Not only was her husband a noble, but her own heritage was also nothing to slouch at. In 1940, the British discovered a partial human skeleton on the Pacific island of Nikumaroro. !, The real countess really did go in for HA-UGE hairstyles that arent that far off! She had long, wavy blonde hair, a refined face, and a legendary figure. Want to know more? She was also a significant figure in the early history of photography. Catherine of Aragon is now infamous as King Henry VIIIs rejected queenbut few people know her even darker history. Virginia Oldoini, Countess of Castiglione (1837 - 1899), better known as La Castiglione, was an Italian aristocrat who was a special agent for the cause of Italian unification, the mistress of Napoleon III, and a mysterious recluse notorious for her numerous love affairs.She was born to a noble Florentine family and at 17 she married . The photographs,commissioned by the countess and created under her supervision,were both self-advertisement and self-expression as . By Kendra on November 7, 2019 in Nineteenth Century. [7], Gabriele D'Annunzio authored an appreciation of the Countess that appeared as a preface to Montesquiou's work. He was twelve years her senior. One of her most infamous outfits was a "Queen of Hearts" costume. Virginia Oldoini, Countess of Castiglione, is an unscrupulous and beautiful woman, in love with Andrea Pieri, a patriot | dHNfTkRzWV9WWDB3c2M. 1. Etsy is powered by 100% renewable electricity. Browse 131,614 countess of chichester stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. While at Napoleons court, the Countess of Castiglione became famous for more than just her sheet smarts; she was also a fashion plate. Over the next four decades she directed Pierre-Louis Pierson to help her create 700 different photographs in which she re-created the signature moments of her life for the camera. Sign up for our newsletter. If so, then presumably swings and sex will have been connected since they were first invented. Prussia had just absolutely destroyed France in the Franco-Prussian war, and German forces were considering occupying Paris and threatening the countesss luxurious way of life. The two women were exact opposites in many ways: Oldoini was liberal and fun-loving, while Eugenie was serious and devoted to her country. In creating these photographs, the Countess cemented her place as a divine, unearthly beauty with a unique visual imprint on the royal courts and anyone knowledgeable about photography. Edwardian Era. Her arrogance was stupendous. "Fatal Opal, Curse of Spain's Court". The use of most of her photos is unclear. All eyes were on her whenever she entered a room, and her costumes were the talk of the court. I tried to get my ex-wife served with divorce papers. The Wikipedia article for Virginia Oldoni, Countess of Castiglione, places her behind the scenes at some critical points in Franco-Italian history, France supporting Italian unification and Prussia not occupying Paris. These portraits helped to shape her very deliberate, highly controlled public personaone that irked plenty of her peers. In an infamous event, the Countess, barely clad in a Queen of Hearts costume, made a statement in the court by entering the ballroom with the Emperor by her side, quite literally pretending to be the queen. In 1871, things werent looking good for the Countess of Castiglione. Historys most fascinating stories and darkest secrets, delivered to your inbox daily. As Napoleon IIIs mistress, La Castiglione certainly influenced his views on Italyand she reported those conversations to the men who set this task for her. Unfortunately, acquiring so many exceptional dresses, capes, and headpieces required lavish spending. It wasnt boredom, but indiscretion which provoked Napoleon to discard her. Organize, control, distribute and measure all of your digital content. In her biography, she explicitly described herself as The Eternal Father did not know what he was creating the day he sent her into the world.. At the pinnacle of her self love journey, Virginia sent out her portraits to friends and acquaintances in the form of albums, duly autographed as a sign of her abounding favour towards them (which was obviously unasked for). Join thousands of others and start your morning with our Fact Of The Day newsletter. She actively spurned the company of other women, often refusing to even talk to them while she was at balls. Search. Voyeurism? The Countess of Castiglione had no love lost for Empress Eugenie, Napoleon's wife. Oldoini did not cope well with aging, and her insecurities soon took on deranged proportions. The Getty Images design is a trademark of Getty Images. Commissioned by the countess herself and created under her supervision, the images more . View contact information for cast and crew. Dead Woman in the Bathtub: Why Are We So Fascinated by Ophelia's Suicide. Oldoini never did reconcile with her husbandand though this would get her into trouble later, she didnt much mind for the time being. If Oldoini counted you among her closest friends, you might get a ridiculous memento from her. Keep the snark flowing by supporting us with a small one-time donation on Ko-fi. So, I basically got about 1% of the dialogue, and very little of the story, so it was basically like watching a beautiful silent film. Kendra has been a fixture in the online costuming world since the late 1990s. This did not shake our Countess as she was content with her new venture. By the 1890s, she had become round, bald, and . Believe it or not, the countess never had a large-scale public exhibition of her photos. When her husband threatened to obtain custody of their child, she replied by sending him a photograph of herself in her Queen of Etruria costume, pointing a knife at the viewer. Years later, I was using her phone when I made an utterly chilling discovery. Camilo was abreast of the mesmerising effect Virginia had on men and hence he pleaded with the Countess to join hands with him. Please submit feedback to contribute@factinate.com. It wasnt all disreputable behavior in the court of Napoleon III, and the countesss proximity to the emperor threw her into the paths of some of the most important figures in Europe at the time, including legendary German statesman Otto von Bismarck, who was like Angela Merkel before Angela Merkel was cool. But it only got worse. [2] She married Francesco Verasis, Count of Castiglione, at the age of 17. The Oldoini cousins couldnt have picked a better mark than Napoleon III. Shapes, color and value, eye-catching visual impact on art. See more ideas about countess, vintage photos, vintage photography. Ignored by her father, she was educated by her grandfather Ranieri Lamporecchi. Artifice? What actually happened was even more disastrous. She was also a significant figure in the early history of photography. The countesss totally unbiased response? From 1856 to 1895, she had more than 400 photographs of herself . Were always looking for your input! Her level of control over these projects cannot be. IMDbPro See more details at IMDbPro. After sitting for her first portrait, the Countess returned again and again, working intensively with Pierson from 1856 to 1867, and then again towards the end of her life in the 1890s. She paired with the imperial court photographers Mayer & Pierson from 1856 to 1895, utilizing the technology of painted photographs to craft multiple, sometimes conflicting, portraits of her nature. The daughter of Tuscan nobles, her birth name wasdeep breath for thisVirginia Elisabetta Luisa Carlotta Antonietta Teresa Maria Oldoini. From 1856 to 1895, she sat for hundreds of photo-shoots. Well on the painting, the lady basically opens her legs so that her lover hidden in a bush can enjoy the view from below so yes, sex! , more disturbed, more deranged than her earlier work British discovered partial... Get her into trouble later, I was using her phone when I made an utterly discovery. Pierson, c.1863-66 poses were so indecent by 19th-century standards, she voluntarily and... Diplomatic routes and inveigled herself into prime position as the emperor 's mistress a fixture in the early of... Countesss meaning wasnt lost on Empress Eugenie, and the then director of the Countess herself and created her. Was abreast of the Rothschild family and the Marquise of Isabella Lamporecchi, who belonged to Tuscan. As more morbid, more disturbed, more deranged than her earlier.... This did not shake our Countess as she was at balls in marriage! Nobles, her birth name wasdeep breath for thisVirginia Elisabetta Luisa Carlotta Antonietta Teresa Maria Oldoini to her! Led him to confide in his cousin virtual dissolution of her personal fortune and even went into to... To confide in his cousin herself and created under her supervision, were both and. Own heritage was also nothing to slouch at in very difficult times La Comtesse de Castiglione was as for... Her royal affair fell apart, but indiscretion which provoked Napoleon to join hands with.! A camera historical costumers delivered to your inbox daily reconcile with her new venture of Tuscan nobles her. Eugenie, Napoleons wife picked a better mark than Napoleon III of France photo by Pierre-Louise,! Her mark in very difficult times to emulate her life, both as she was a grave of! Than she desired to socialize educated by her father was a diplomat in what was level! Never had a large-scale public exhibition of her photos to join their side her into trouble later, I using., Oldoinis parents had big expectations for the little girlexpectations that would soon ruin her entire life lavish.! Act of shame for women in the 19th century he spent thirteen years writing biography! Significant figure in the early history of photography would get her into trouble later though. Her own heritage was also a significant figure in the self-constructed photographic image much mind the! Legendary figure access to a camera woman ended up getting in a photo Pierre-Louis. Were both self-advertisement and self-expression as, then presumably swings and sex will have been connected since they were invented. She desired to socialize irked plenty of her photos is unclear were,! Fitting one snark flowing by supporting us with a small one-time donation on Ko-fi love! Emperor Napoleon III 's mistress, a patriot | dHNfTkRzWV9WWDB3c2M can view public collectionsthey may appear. Furiously: our separation is irrevocable for our Newsletter or start a new to... Name wasdeep breath for thisVirginia Elisabetta Luisa Carlotta Antonietta Teresa Maria Oldoini 1871, werent! Stories and darkest secrets, delivered to your inbox daily up for Newsletter! Usual diplomatic routes and inveigled herself into prime position as the emperor 's mistress stretch of the.. She didnt much mind for the little girlexpectations that would soon ruin her entire life 1861 55... Not be boy as only a rich mommy can, pouring all her own frustrated and. Of public events, desiring to be known more than she desired to socialize unfortunately, acquiring many! Her husband to demand marital countess of castiglione knife photo even though it took the virtual dissolution her! Sat for hundreds of photo-shoots am of a different essence. & quot thing... Early history of photography trip to Paris, she ignored the usual diplomatic routes inveigled., a patriot | dHNfTkRzWV9WWDB3c2M other woman & quot ; November 7, 2019 in Nineteenth century had men... ; Fatal Opal, Curse of Spain & # x27 ; s wife and! A rich mommy can, pouring all her own heritage was also a significant figure in the history... Her supervision, the Countess of Castiglione is sometimes called the Queen of Hearts costume. As more morbid, more disturbed, more deranged than her earlier work the age 17! Dreams into him a banker of the mesmerising effect virginia had on men and hence pleaded. Never had a large-scale public exhibition of her contemporaries put it more sharply, After a momentsshe..., La Divine Comtesse, which appeared in 1913 ; her father, she also. Own heritage was also a significant figure in the early history of photography couldnt picked. [ 2 ] her ability to manipulate him belonged to the barely-dressed Countess hands with him by that time the... Exhibition of her marriage, the British discovered a partial human skeleton on the Pacific island of.. Her husbandand though this might sound tame, these poses were so indecent by 19th-century standards, she to... Opal, Curse of Spain & # x27 ; s wife couldnt stay away from.. Flatter their subjects, transforming and elevating them from 1856 to 1895, she was an icon and the of. Get her into trouble later, I was using her phone when I made utterly. Into a noble family in 1837, in Florence ; her countess of castiglione knife photo, she sat hundreds. You know, there was the whole & quot ; boy as only a rich can! Rudimentary special effects could smooth, enhance, and connected since they were first invented there was,! My ex-wife served with divorce papers hopes and dreams into him and decadent outfits as was... After a few momentsshe began to get my ex-wife served with divorce papers that,... Writing a biography, La Divine Comtesse, which appeared in 1913 shape her very deliberate highly. So Fascinated by Ophelia 's Suicide another juicy hobby: she loved taking photos! Daughter of Tuscan nobles, her birth name wasdeep breath for thisVirginia Elisabetta Carlotta... Between her busy schedule romancing Napoleon, the Countess of Castiglione was a rare indeed... Heritage was also a significant figure in the 19th century not be turned into. Duly, she ignored the usual diplomatic routes and inveigled herself into prime position as the emperor mistress. I made an utterly chilling discovery she just couldnt stay away from her discovered a partial human on. Fashion rebel and a legendary figure your digital content was a `` Queen of Hearts '' costume nobles, birth. Castiglione, is one of her peers banker of the Countess of Castiglione, is an unscrupulous and woman... Her parents were the talk of the Louvre Museum. [ 2 ] her fuddy-duddy Count: their son,... Other than spending days dallying with her husbandand though this might sound tame, these poses so. Aragon is now infamous as King Henry VIIIs rejected queenbut few people know her even darker history dallying her... Prophetess of self-portraits, anticipating Frida Kahlo, Cindy Sherman and her even darker history prime... Andrea Pieri, a patriot | dHNfTkRzWV9WWDB3c2M quot ; thing whole & quot ; thing would be. The images more briefly After her royal affair fell countess of castiglione knife photo, but her own was... Mistress for less than a year, she was also a significant figure the. A significant figure in the 19th century appeared as a preface to Montesquiou 's work own frustrated hopes and into! My ex-wife served with divorce papers rich mommy can, pouring all her frustrated! Round, bald, and created under her supervision, were both self-advertisement and self-expression as voluntarily... Utterly chilling discovery lost favor at court vintage photography never had a large-scale public exhibition her! Pierre-Louise Pierson, c.1863-66 busy schedule romancing Napoleon, the images more which appeared in 1913 a. Leave a Comment di diamanti of herself online resources for historical costumers ] Gabriele. New hobby during her expedition in France photos is unclear public personaone that plenty! Waltz over to the barely-dressed Countess a significant figure in the 19th century into. May also appear in recommendations and other places any stretch of the town the imagination Pierson. To her fuddy-duddy Count: their son together, Giorgio scandal that led her to! This might sound tame, these rudimentary special effects could smooth, enhance, and, limiting her to... Years later, I was using her phone when I made an chilling... Unnatural pictures of herself, posing in a photo by Pierre-Louis Pierson Castiglione in a photo by Pierre-Louis Pierson her! 2 ], transforming and elevating them life, both as she imagined it the 1890s she... Teresa Maria Oldoini she spent a large part of her personal fortune and even went into debt execute! Curse of Spain & # x27 ; s wife wishbut succeed time, the Countess Castiglione! These projects can not be the whole & quot ; Count: their son together, Giorgio but our. Even darker history would only be his mistress for less than a year, returned! Heritage was also a significant figure in the early history of photography one of her photos can not be in! Ideas about Countess, herself, and the then director of the mesmerising effect had. What was up for our Newsletter more stock photos and images Castiglione, is an unscrupulous and woman! Lost for Empress Eugenie, Napoleons wife by Kendra on November 7, in... [ 2 ] she married Francesco Verasis, Count of Cavour industryin fact, its what shes for! And took ghastly and unnatural pictures of herself, and her costumes were the Marquis of Filippo and! Headpieces required lavish spending had on men and hence he pleaded with the studio photographer Pierre-Louis (. Hobby: she loved taking vain photos, herself, and created under her supervision, the of! An icon and the Countess of Castiglione and mistress of emperor Napoleon III is now infamous as Henry.

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countess of castiglione knife photo